Pneumonia risk in elderly patients during winter: Preventive tips

Pneumonia is a serious infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs, caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Elderly patients are especially vulnerable due to weakened immune systems, chronic health conditions, decreased mucociliary clearance, impaired cough reflex, and confusion. Winter exacerbates the risk with dry air, indoor crowding, and reduced physical activity. Doctors mitigate dangers through vaccination, chronic disease management, lifestyle modifications, prompt diagnosis, appropriate medications, and supportive care.